
Readme file for Wiedemann, Andreas "How Credit Markets Substitute for Welfare States."

There are two R scripts that replicate the results in sections 3 (1_sipp_analysis.R) and 4 (2_anes_analysis.R). Each script draws on the corresponding files in this folder. The analysis was performed on a Mac in R version 3.6.2 (2019-12-12). 

1_sipp_analysis.R
-- state_data.RData
-- sipp_data.RData

2_anes_analysis.R
-- scf_data.RData
-- anes_data.RData



### Dataset for state level analysis### Codebook for state_data.RData

state_abbr			State identifier
year				Year
year_num			Year (numeric)
debt_inc_ratio_low_yr		Debt-to-income ratio
replacement_ratio1_yr		Unemployment insurance benefit replacement rate
pop				Population size
real1gsppc			Real state gross product (GSP) per capita
gsptotal_PC_pct_chg		Percentage change in GSP
unemploy_a			Unemployment rate
real1exppc			State expenditures
real1revpc			State revenues
disinc                		Disposable incomepollib_median			Median state policy liberalism 
hs_dem_prop_all			Share of Democrats in state house
govparty_a			Governor's party (coded 1=Democrat)
union_density			Union density
median_duration_in_week		Median duration of unemployment in weeks



### Dataset based on the Survey of Income and Program Participation
### Codebook for sipp_data.RData

pid				Individual identifier
year				Year
year_num			Year (numeric)
abbr				State identifier
ihs_rhhuscbt_cpi10_adj		Log unsecured household debt, cpi adjusted
ihs_thhscdbt_cpi10_adj		Log secured household debt, cpi adjusted
unemp_recipient			Dummy received unemployment benefits
ihs_max_benefit_cpi10		Log maximum unemployment insurance benefit generosity
thtotinc_swave_quint		Total household income (dummies for quintiles)
educ_v3				Educational attainment categories (high school or less, some college, college, BA, MA)
age				Ageage_sq 				Age squared
rfnkids				Number of children in household
hh_type_v2			Household type (single, couple, married couple)
ownership			Homeowner (dummy)
erace_v2			Race (White, Black, Asian, Native American)
ihs_savings			Log savings


** see above (data from state_data.RData)
replacement_ratio1_yr 
real1gsppc
gsptotal_PC_pct_chg
unemploy_a
real1exppc
real1revpc
disinc
govparty_ahs_dem_prop_all
union_density
pollib_median
median_duration_in_weeks



### Dataset based on the American National Election Study Panel
### Codebook for anes_data.RData

			
id_comb				Individual identifier
age				Age
empl_stat			Employment status
employed			Dummy for employedfed_spend_aid_poor		Support for spending to the poor
fed_spend_welfare_num		Support for social insurance 
fin_sit_last_year		Financial situation compared to last year
gender_num			Gender
has_children			Dummy has children
highest_degree			Highest educational degree
income_num			Income (numeric)
income2				Income (categorical)marital_fac			Dummy married
owner				Homeowner
party_id1			Party ID
race				Race
race2				Race (categorical)
retired				Dummy for retired
unemployed			Dummy for unemployment
WT04				Survey weight
year				Year
abbr				State identifier
afgrant_log			State and Local Revenues from Federal Government Transfers
debt_inc_ratio_low_yr		Debt-to-income ratio
govparty_a			Governor's party (coded 1=Democrat) [state level]
gsptotal_PC_pct_chg		Percentage change in GSP [state level]
log_disinc			Log disposable income [state level]
log_real1exppc			State expenditures log
log_real1gsppc			Real state gross product (GSP) per capita log
log_real1revpc			State revenues log
replacement_ratio1_yr		Unemployment insurance benefit replacement rate
unemploy_a			Unemployment rate
unemploy_a_lag 			Unemployment rate lagged
real1exppc			State expenditures
real1revpc			State revenues
pollib_median			Median state policy liberalism 
hs_dem_prop_all			Share of Democrats in state house
pollib_median			Median state policy liberalism 
govparty_a			Governor's party (coded 1=Democrat)
union_density			Union density
median_duration_in_week		Median duration of unemployment in weeks



### Dataset based on Survey of Consumer Finances
### Codebook for scf_data.RData

y1			Individual identifier
age			Age
gender_num		Gender
has_children		Has children
has_debt		Carries debt
highest_degree		Highest educational degree
income_num		Income (numeric)
marital_fac		Dummy married
owner			Dummy homeowner
race2			Race
retired			Dummy retired
tpay_cons_dbt_v1	Monthly unsecured debt repayment
ihs_tpay_cons_dbt_v1	Monthly unsecured debt repayment (log)
unemployed		Dummy unemployed
unscrd_debt_v1		Total unsecured debt
ihs_unscrd_debt_v1	Total unsecured debt (log)
wgt			Survey weight





